![]() ![]() Sketch the reflection of incident radiation off atomic planes, and derive Braggs’ law for this geometry.Learning ObjectivesĪfter completing this session, you should be able to: It is also used to determine the degree of long-range order and symmetry present in a crystal, or lacking in a glass, which is the topic of the next module ( Session 21: Introduction to Glasses). X-ray diffraction is a popular technique to discover the structures of organic molecules such as proteins ( Session 31) and, most famously, DNA ( Session 32), as well as inorganic crystals. X-ray production methods and characteristic emission lines (Cu K α, etc.). ![]() Miller indices for crystal directions and planes.Growth of single-crystal Si, identification of planes and symmetry in crystals, Penrose tilesīefore starting this session, you should be familiar with the prior topics in this module ( Session 15 through Session 17), especially: X-ray diffraction, Braggs’ law, angle of incidence, angle of reflection, constructive interference, destructive interference, crest, trough, amplitude, wavelength, phase, monochromatic, coherent light, incoherent light, order of reflection, index of refraction, collimator, diffraction peak, rotational symmetry, Laue diffraction, quasicrystal, translational symmetry, long-range order, x-ray crystallography, Penrose tiles, William Henry Bragg, William Lawrence Bragg, Max von Laue, Roger Penrose, Peter Debye, Peter Scherrer, Dan ShechtmanĬopper (Cu), nickel (Ni), silicon (Si), aluminum-manganese alloy (Al-Mn) Arrow_back browse course material library_booksīraggs’ law, x-ray diffraction of crystals: diffractometry, Laue, and Debye-Scherrer, crystal symmetry and selection rules ![]()
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![]() ![]() Their abuses and misuses are not the slapdash errors of unlettered hacks, but the carefully conceived creations of educated men and women. Godfrey's ascetic prose will hold little interest for logophiles, but the slapdash feel of the writing is a compelling evocation of the teenage mind. This being the case, allegations of mortal danger or of slapdash or shoddy work are demagogic, ridiculous and unfounded. Surely slapdash American engineering will be put to shame by the inventive perfectionism of the German Tüftler, car folk mutter. No conveyor-belt publishing here, no turgid potboiler-sequels, no catchpenny dreadfuls, no ghosted ghastlies, no bored and slapdash editors. The band's eponymous debut was recorded in a slapdash fashion. Yet his plot devices are so slapdash, and key developments are tossed off so perfunctorily, that it seems the author didn't even have the time to write us a good bad book. The more cerebral cinemagoer, however, is left in a conundrum as he or she tries to unpick the film's slapdash symbolism and script. It was slightly tatty around the edges, with grubby window frames and slapdash paintwork. The cross-dresser will perform his unusual mix of ballet and slapdash comedy. I particularly enjoyed the jolly japes and larks of Ping the Elastic Man, Tin-Can Tommy and Whoopee Hank the slapdash sheriff.īut they have a slapdash quality that points to their function as performance pieces. It's a rather slapdash collection of ideas, but it makes some worthwhile, if loosely supported, points. His cabin bordering the Upper Buffalo River Wilderness in the Ozarks of northwest Arkansas is slapdash functional. When he paints with casein on wood, Doyle's style varies from precise representation to almost slapdash casualness. It was also callous, slapdash and neglectful of the interests of less secure and well paid workers. ![]() ![]() To some he appeared disorganized, slapdash, cheerful to the point of flippancy. The cut was slapdash and messy, but it was deep and had the desired effect. I know no poet who, even in quite slapdash poems, can provide more pleasant and provocative surprises. This slapdash approach to the recording and construction of an album possibly could be financially related. The cavalier and slapdash approach to their documentation was not helpful in this regard. When considering the cases of tall-case pendulum clocks he remarks on their slapdash construction of butted and nailed boards. This first one was a gross-out parody of horror movies that made so much money, they couldn't wait to produce this slapdash scatological sequel. However, a few years back, I finally saw the light, and vowed to change my slapdash approach to personal finance. I want to begin by apologizing for all of the grammatical errors, slapdash reasoning, and sloppy writing in my recent posts. Its factual jurisprudence is slapdash, sloppy, and, too often, supercilious. The surfaces are lumpy and clotted, linty with escaping threads, amusingly slapdash. The slapdash concrete panel wall runs east-to-west along the 50-foot long border of our back garden. ![]() ![]() ![]() Please stop this and just let us what your shows. There are plenty of podcasts to listen to while I'm doing housework. I was listening to NPR before COVID and I've been watching TV more now, but I am NOT willing to go without myself just to watch your programming. I get it that you can't charge stations like WKAR even more for your programming. ![]() Maybe it helps you get by,but couldn't you at least be honest about it? Like maybe donations were $100 million to keep reporters all over hte world all the time and donations have fallen to $80 million since COVID, but couldn't you tell us just how bad it is and what you'd have to let go if you don't get the $20 million that you need? ![]() And I don't need to hear from Depak Chopra and some guy who does brain research mainly to suck money out of me to buy their products. I like Finding your Roots, but I don't need a summary of what Henry Louis Gates has already provided and I've seen.ĭo you think I have the power to give you some kind of award for providing these documentaries? I don't. Now i can't see a 60 minutes episode and for the same reason, you actually interrupt PBS News Hour for the same old, same old tune. I'm on a fixed income during a time of high inflation. I'm a green donor to my local station, WKAR in Lansing pre-empts some of some of my favorite shows, like 60 minutes in favor of ways for you to nag viewers to donate. Have I been asleep at the switchor are you increasing the number of fundraisers you incorporate into programming? In any case, I resent it. ![]() ![]() ![]() Knowing the fact that the Internet is accessible via a Browser and you should use Veet lightweight browser to enhance your browsing speed while using fewer resources. You can also use it to download torrents, but why bother when you can just use a cloud torrent service to do the torrent work faster and over an HTTP connection. And what more, there are a few other features such as Media grabber and Facelift (design facebook theme), but that also makes it an unprofessional browser, and I personally felt that adding pop-up on their main website just says the same. It’s build for Music and Video lovers so they can find it easy to play music online. This Windows browser is pretty young and has got some room for improvement. It has beaten Mozilla Firefox in HTML5 test. Torch, Vivaldi has got an option to schedule the theme to change automatically. Vivaldi has got some customization options such as themes, tab arrangements, take notes, etc. Vivaldi Browser uses Google chrome engine, but use far less memory than Chrome browser. Vivaldi has got solid performance, and it is reliable. Key Features: Chrome Engine | Theme Change Scheduler | Tab Arrangements | Download Vivaldi You can choose between engines and it’s version 5 has also got Max note, Passkeeper, and UUmail. I used Maxthon for almost one and half year a few months ago, it bundled with a useful utility such as Screen capture, night mode, AdBlock, Magic fill (password manager) and the list goes on. This browser also bundles Webpage scanner and lots more. It looks just the same as Firefox browser and technically is same as you can install the Firefox plugin, add-ons etc.įurther talking of security the browser itself run in a self-created portion that makes no contact with the system, so software won’t get installed and so they can’t cause virus and malware. It uses its own DNS server to convert IP URLs into IP address, and the company claims that it’s fast comparing to other browsers DNS resolver. Security, claiming fast DNS resolving | Comodo Opera Neon have more than we’ve written in this list, it’s something that you should experience. There are other things like a split screen that lets you work on two websites simultaneously. What the Opera team has done is a very bold step, and we hope that in the future, the opera will continue to experiment with innovation. Its main purpose is to make your browsing experience as easy as possible, so when you Opens the Opera, it automatically sets the wallpaper of your desktop in its background which almost eliminates the distortion between your desktop and the online world.Īgain it is not a beta or alpha version of the Opera browser, it is something new and experimental from the operating. Many of the traditional things have been removed in this browser, and they have been replaced by the best and attractive features. Opera Neon is different from Opera’s main browser. Opera Neon made to almost all top major news site when released and received lots of praise such as TheNextWeb and Lifehacker. WIth some new concepts such as New tabs functionality and picture-in-picture mode, it revamped browser standards. Opera Neon is experimental, but it’s fast, thanks to the Blink engine that powers it. ![]() Opera Neonīlink engine, Unique concept and no addons yet | Opera Neon Enabling that function is simple by installing this addon from opera store. Moreover, it uses Chrome engine so practically you can use install any extension from Chrome Web store, although some extension work only in chrome for instance extension that uses speech API. You get in built ad blocker and free unlimited VPN so you can browse wider range of your favorite sites, in case some of them are blocked by your ISP. Opera is again in the game, with some new features this can be your next preferred browser and there are solid reasons. Opera BrowserĬhrome engine, Lightweight, Battery Saver, Free VPN, AdBlock | Opera But if you are browsing heavily, then this browser will not be useful to you. The interesting thing is that this browser is available for almost all operating systems (If we do not talk about the mobile operating system). ![]() ![]() ![]() Then both males and females provide food for hatchings for 30-35 days. Meanwhile, males provide food for females even after the eggs hatch for 15 days. Females lay 3-6 eggs, and incubate them for 28-33 days. "Umm Queiq" (the little owl) builds breeding nest among rocks, beneath barrels, or under old cars. ![]() In case of death, the owl may find another mate. An owl mates with a partner for a lifetime. ![]() Perhaps, if farmers know that, they may not use pesticides against mice. ![]() It targets mice that cause a lot of damage and destroy crops, and thus prevent epidemics transmitted to humans by mice. In England, people believe that the owl is a symbol of death, and hang it on the facades of their houses to keep evil and death away.ĭespite this, owl keeps balance of nature. Julius Caesar was rumored to have died after his courtiers saw owls in their dreams. Today, owl has become a symbol of "death". In Greece, soldiers traditionally viewed it as a symbol of victory, while in India owls were associated with wisdom, support, and prophecy. Owls are viewed as harbingers of bad luck, not only among Egyptians, but also in many parts of the world. Perhaps, it is the only species that is seen by people. Egyptians call it "Um Queiq", and it is one of the species that is active during both night and day. Owl's hoot is usually heard in bleak nights, after devouring its prey. Owls are introvert birds, which are not seen frequently by people. Zoologists say that the owl's pupil is fixed into the skull, and thus unable to move. The fact that owls' heads are capable of swiveling makes them overcome their inability of moving their eyes in any direction. They prefer existing in open areas, so that they can see in all directions. Owls typically prefer standing on branches, power cables, or lampposts. So, owl is described sometimes of "desolation" for snatching fruits of rooftops. Owls exhibit powerful hearing functions that also aid in hunting, and pouncing on a prey in a jiffy. Owls are known for their large eyes, a particular characteristic that aids in prey capture over long distances. With their light feathers, owls have the ability to fly almost silently without making any noise, and that gives them a strong advantage over their prey. It feeds on small mammals such as mice, rats, rabbits, and birds such as pigeons and chicks, as well as reptiles and insects. Sometimes, it inhabits holey stones, or might be forced to dig a hole in the stones itself. This owl prefers to inhabit abandoned houses, or old cars. Soon, they emerged in towns and villages, especially the the little owl ( Athene noctua), which usually build their nests in few - leaf trees. Owls traditionally inhabited the mountains and places far away from humans. With her feet resting on two lions, and two giant standing owls, there is an impression that they were companions or guards of the goddess. Hence, it was called "Umm Queiq," as a symbol of bad omen among Egyptians.Ī painting of a frightening naked goddess in the shape of a human being that had wings and feet of an owl was found in Babel, Iraq. Some historians confirm that Egyptians had respected it not until slapping Ramses II, who took revenge of it. Ancient Egyptians also had decorated their houses and temples with owl statues made of stone or copper. The much interest and respect for the owl had been clear via women's jewelry, which had been in the shape of that bird. In addition, ancient Egyptians believed that the spirit of the deceased wanders at night in the air as a bird with a human head, much like an owl. Inscriptions on the walls of Pharaonic temples show how it had become of greater significance under Ramsses II, who considered it his favorite bird. Moreover, it had been the hieroglyphic symbol for the letter M. It was honored through mummification and sculpture. The females lay 1 - 7 eggs at a time.ĭespite not having a prominent status in the ancient Egyptian religion, Pharaoh owl was much respected. The body is golden and marked with brown and white blotches, with striking, large orange-yellow eyes. At 46–50 centimeters long, the Pharaoh owl is Egypt's largest species of owls, and belongs to the true owls (family Strigidae). It is called sometimes "horned owl" for having horn- like feathers on its head. It does not make a sound while flying in the air. "Pharaoh owl" is a bird of prey with extremely acute hearing, ten times better than humans. They even took it as a hieroglyphic character. However, it held a special place among the ancient Egyptians. The vast majority of human beings would croak on seeing or hearing its voice. A repulsive bird of prey known for its large eyes. ![]() ![]() The made-for-television " Super Circus" (1954) In the book De Spectaculis early Christian writer Tertullian claimed that the first circus games were staged by the goddess Circe in honour of her father Helios, the Sun God. 6 In art, music, films, plays and booksįirst attested in English 14th century, the word circus derives from Latin circus, which is the romanization of the Greek κίρκος ( kirkos), itself a metathesis of the Homeric Greek κρίκος ( krikos), meaning "circle" or "ring".2.2.2 Ricketts and the first American circus.Contemporary circus continues to develop new variations on the circus tradition while absorbing new skills, techniques, and stylistic influences from other performing arts. Circuses within the movement have tended to favour a theatrical approach, combining character-driven circus acts with original music in a broad variety of styles to convey complex themes or stories. This dimension was adopted by Astley in the late 18th century as the minimum diameter that enabled an acrobatic horse rider to stand upright on a cantering horse to perform their tricks.Ĭontemporary circus has been credited with a revival of the circus tradition since the late 1970s, when a number of groups began to experiment with new circus formats and aesthetics, typically avoiding the use of animals to focus exclusively on human artistry. Many circus performances are still held in a ring, usually 13 m (42 ft) in diameter. Contemporary circuses perform in a variety of venues including tents, theatres and casinos. ![]() These tents eventually became the most common venue. ![]() The traditional large tents commonly known as "big tops" were introduced in the mid-19th century as touring circuses superseded static venues. From the late 18th to late 19th century, custom-made circus buildings (often wooden) were built with various types of seating, a centre ring, and sometimes a stage. The earliest modern circuses were performed in open-air structures with limited covered seating. The traditional format, in which a ringmaster introduces a variety of choreographed acts set to music, developed in the latter part of the 19th century and remained the dominant format until the 1970s.Īs styles of performance have developed since the time of Astley, so too have the types of venues where these circuses have performed. Performances developed significantly over the next fifty years, with large-scale theatrical battle reenactments becoming a significant feature. In 1770, he hired acrobats, tightrope walkers, jugglers and a clown to fill in the pauses between the equestrian demonstrations and thus chanced on the format which was later named a "circus". In 1768, Astley, a skilled equestrian, began performing exhibitions of trick horse riding in an open field called Ha'Penny Hatch on the south side of the Thames River. Although not the inventor of the medium, Philip Astley is credited as the father of the modern circus. The term circus also describes the performance which has followed various formats through its 250-year modern history. A circus is a company of performers who put on diverse entertainment shows that may include clowns, acrobats, trained animals, trapeze acts, musicians, dancers, hoopers, tightrope walkers, jugglers, magicians, ventriloquists, and unicyclists as well as other object manipulation and stunt-oriented artists. ![]() ![]() The soft structural transition in cluster fractions is opposed to the abrupt phase transition at a condensation of matter. ![]() ![]() The paper shows the achievements and discoveries on this way. ChemIDplus, ChemSpider, ETOX, Flavornet, NIST Chemistry WebBook, OPSIN, PAN ChemSpider was acquired by the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) in May. National Institute of Standards and Technology (U.S. Description Creators/Contributors Contributor Linstrom, Peter J. : National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1998 Series NIST standard reference database 69. The parallel between clusters, droplets and snowflakes helps in this investigation. NIST chemistry webbook electronic resource. This research is directed towards development and perfection of methods to extract properties of clusters from precise thermophysical data. Modern electronic thermophysical databases are very rich sources of knowledge about cluster properties. ![]() Therefore, they should be studied better. innovation and industrial competitiveness by advancing measurement science, standards, and technology in ways that enhance economic security and improve our quality of life. Real Gas, Cluster, Isomer, Molecular Interaction, Bond Energy, Equilibrium Constant, Nucleation, Condensation, Structural Transition, Heat Capacity, Potential EnergyĪBSTRACT: The clusters play a significant role in formation of Universe, in the condensation of matter and meteorological phenomena, in processes of life, and in our technologies. Site is running on IP address 129.6.24.30, host name (Gaithersburg United States ) ping response time 16ms Good ping. The NIST Chemistry WebBook provides access to data compiled and distributed by NIST under the Standard Reference Data Program. Dataset published 1997 via National Institute of Standards and Technology. Webbook.NIST (2011) Thermophysical Properties of Fluid Systems.Ĭlusters-The Seeds of Droplets and Snowflakes NIST Chemistry WebBook, NIST Standard Reference Database 69. ![]() ![]() ![]() You must be at least 21 years old and must provide proof of residency to be allowed to file for a concealed carry license. The Requirements To MeetĪside from providing your competency to use the firearm to conceal carry safely, the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services needs additional eligibility requirements. You must complete courses either on State Hunter education course, National Rifle Association training course, Firearms Safety Course from law enforcement agency or as part of a job training. To get a concealed weapon license, you must demonstrate competency with your weapon by completing courses. Bringing concealed weapons without a license and trigger lock can be a crime charged with a felony. So, if you plan on bringing a loaded firearm for personal protection like concealed weapons, you must secure a concealed weapon permit. Open carry is illegal in Florida, but concealed carry and church carry are not. If they trust the make, shape, and angle of their product, they will not hesitate to back it with a warranty. Prices would depend on the materials used and how well their manufacturers design them. Depending on the design, it can be made sturdy and resistant to recoils while shooting, corrosion, and weather-related issues. You can choose from items made of carbon, stainless, titanium, or aircraft-grade steel. These are recoil-resistant and are lightweight, which can help with quick follow-up shots. If you are looking for a muzzle device that can last a long beating from recoils, titanium-built brakes would be a good choice. Sturdy, low-maintenance, strong, and corrosion-resistant, making it a good material for any muzzle brake. These are very popular choices when it comes to muzzle brakes. On the brighter side, these have matte finish, which makes them aesthetically good. Its entire length and shape will be covered with rust even if it has a coated finish. Material Carbon SteelĬarbon steel muzzle brakes are stronger, but they are not good with moisture. However, this will cost a little bit more. Fluted barrels will cool down easily (and vice-versa), so you have to find the most accurately fluted barrel. This would mean it will bend less, considering this is done correctly. Radial Flutingįluting a barrel will create a larger outer diameter which will statically make it stiffer. It may fit in an incompatible pistol but expecting it to perform with perfect accuracy is impossible. It is hard to expect adaptability on a muzzle brake because each is designed with a specific feature and compatibility. This actually gives you an easier way to install or uninstall these brakes on the rifle’s barrel without any need for a special tool. One of the 9mm muzzle brake features that is missing is wrench flats. It is impossible to do accurate successive shots with an uncontrolled kickback. The bigger the weapon, the stronger the pullback is. Every time a powerful gun is fired, the tendency of kickback is very high. ![]() ![]() For kids who love to get their glitter and paint on, you’ll want to run to these classes. This dreamy space is a reality at Art Soup. Imagine a craft-country club for kids complete with a VW Bug, glass and chalk walls, and a stocked self-serve craft bar. Learn from their Resident Artists or drop in for a Saturday morning quick draw featuring Bugs Bunny, the Road Runner and all their friends! These programs aim to help develop abstract thinking, tolerance for complexity, confidence and much more in your little ones. Online: / Chuck Jones Center for Creativityįounded by the same animator who brought all our classic cartoons to life (Bugs Bunny, How the Grinch Stole Christmas), the Chuck Jones Center for Creativity aims to re-invigorate your kid’s creative spirit. These classes are meant to be a long term commitment and the benefits will stay with your little thinker all throughout his or her life. Using unique methods like paper modeling, color theory and more, kids will develop skills in basic composition, visual grammar and more to understand the world around them. Kids can learn anything through anything in this digital age, and MASKA aims to fill the creative void through mixed media. Visit their website to find a local program. Art Innovators currently serves parts of Orange County and surrounding areas. ![]() Their Squiggles to Grins class (2-3 1/2 year olds) uses storytelling and songs to introduce concepts like lines and shapes while their Connect! program (kindergarten aged and up) has kids creatively exploring their understanding of art in a clearer, more defined style. To combat the staggering number of art programs being cut in schools across the country, Art Innovators offers technical drawing-based programs for artists of all ages to enjoy. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Let’s say such importance as in later centuries – e.g. Stephen Dando Collins writes about Legio X, famous Tenth Legion that was raised in Spain by Caesar – veteran legion that saw almost every major conflict in Europe at the time, invaded Britain twice and fought in Roman Civil War against Scipio’s own forces.Story itself is very interesting but I have to say that this is very difficult subject in itself – military units in ancient world were important but they did not have …. “Caesar’s Legion” is a book with somewhat unexpected topic. From penetrating insights into the mind of history's greatest general to a grunt's-eye view of the gruesome realities of war in the Classical Age, this unique and riveting true account sets a new standard of exellence and detail to which all authors of ancient military history will now aspire. ![]() This unprecedented regimental history reveals countless previously unknown details about Roman military practices, Caesar's conduct as a commander and his relationships with officers and legionaries, and the daily routine and discipline of the Legion. Stephen Dando-Collins paints a vivid and definitive portrait of daily life in the Tenth Legion as he follows Caesar and his men along the blood-soaked fringes of the Empire. Fehrenbach, author of This Kind of War, Lone Star, and Comanches Written in readable, popular style, Caesar's Legion is a must for military buffs and anyone interested in Roman history at a critical point in European civilization." Many military historians consider Caesar's legions the world's most efficient infantry before the arrival of gunpowder. More than a mere unit account, it incorporates the history of Rome and the Roman army at the height of their power and gory glory. "A unique and splendidly researched story, following the trials and triumphs of Julius Caesar's Legio X-arguably the most famous legion of its day-from its activation to the slogging battle of Munda and from Thapsus, Caesar's tactical masterpiece, to the grim siege of the Jewish fortress of Masada. ![]() |